7+ Divorced: Divorce & Weight Loss Journey Tips!


7+ Divorced: Divorce & Weight Loss Journey Tips!

The dissolution of a wedding can usually set off important life modifications, impacting numerous elements of a person’s well-being. One such space incessantly affected is bodily well being, with modifications in consuming habits and train routines typically leading to fluctuations in physique weight. This phenomenon, noticed throughout numerous populations present process marital separation, can stem from a posh interaction of emotional, psychological, and environmental elements.

Understanding the correlation between main life occasions and physiological responses is essential for each people experiencing these transitions and healthcare professionals offering assist. Managing stress successfully, sustaining balanced diet, and fascinating in common bodily exercise are all very important elements of selling general wellness throughout difficult instances. Recognizing the potential for bodily and emotional well being to be intertwined permits for extra holistic and efficient interventions.

The next sections will delve into the underlying mechanisms contributing to alterations in physique mass in periods of marital breakdown, discover methods for mitigating unfavourable well being penalties, and talk about sources obtainable to people in search of to navigate these advanced circumstances with resilience and knowledgeable self-care. Particularly, the following dialogue will deal with frequent psychological stressors, adaptive coping mechanisms, and the function {of professional} steering in attaining long-term well-being.

1. Stress Hormone Fluctuations

Throughout marital dissolution, the physique usually experiences important alterations in hormone ranges. The stress related to this life occasion triggers the discharge of hormones resembling cortisol and adrenaline. Elevated cortisol ranges, specifically, can affect metabolism, resulting in elevated urge for food and cravings for high-calorie meals. This physiological response, supposed to supply fast vitality in periods of stress, can paradoxically contribute to weight acquire if caloric consumption exceeds vitality expenditure. Conversely, in some people, power stress can suppress urge for food, resulting in weight reduction as a consequence of lowered meals consumption. The disruption of hormonal stability represents a vital part within the noticed hyperlink between separation and alterations in physique mass.

The affect of cortisol extends past urge for food regulation. It might probably additionally have an effect on fats storage, favoring the buildup of visceral fats across the stomach. Any such fats is related to elevated dangers of heart problems and different metabolic problems. Additional, fluctuations in stress hormones can disrupt sleep patterns, resulting in sleep deprivation. Inadequate sleep exacerbates hormonal imbalances, making a cycle that promotes unhealthy consuming habits and hinders weight administration efforts. Examples of those results will be noticed in people who report elevated snacking on sugary or processed meals throughout hectic intervals of marital separation or decreased urge for food and subsequent weight reduction as a consequence of persistent nervousness and emotional misery.

In abstract, the connection between stress hormone fluctuations and modifications in physique mass throughout marital dissolution is advanced and bidirectional. Recognizing the physiological affect of stress is important for creating focused interventions. Methods for mitigating the opposed results of hormonal imbalances could embody stress discount strategies, resembling mindfulness and train, alongside dietary modifications {and professional} counseling. Addressing the basis causes of stress and selling hormonal regulation can contribute to improved bodily and psychological well-being throughout and after marital separation.

2. Altered Consuming Patterns

Marital dissolution usually precipitates important modifications in every day routines, together with consuming habits. These alterations in consuming patterns signify a vital consider understanding fluctuations in physique mass throughout and after the divorce course of. Disrupted meal schedules, altered meals decisions, and modifications in meal preparation frequency can all contribute to both weight acquire or weight reduction.

  • Irregular Meal Schedules

    The disruption of established routines can result in inconsistent meal timings. People could skip meals as a consequence of time constraints, emotional misery, or modifications in dwelling preparations. Irregular consuming patterns can negatively affect metabolism and hormone regulation, probably resulting in elevated cravings for unhealthy meals and subsequent weight acquire, or decreased urge for food and unintended weight reduction. For instance, somebody accustomed to common household dinners could discover themselves skipping meals or counting on comfort meals as a consequence of newfound solitude and elevated workload.

  • Elevated Consumption of Comfort Meals

    Divorce usually brings added obligations and time constraints. People could discover themselves relying extra on available, processed meals that require minimal preparation. These comfort meals are sometimes excessive in energy, unhealthy fat, and added sugars, contributing to weight acquire and potential dietary deficiencies. An individual beforehand accountable for cooking wholesome meals for his or her household may, after separation, resort to takeout or pre-packaged meals out of necessity or lack of motivation.

  • Emotional Consuming

    The emotional turmoil related to divorce can set off emotional consuming, the place meals turns into a supply of consolation or a coping mechanism for stress, nervousness, or disappointment. People could flip to high-calorie, palatable meals to alleviate unfavourable feelings, resulting in overeating and subsequent weight acquire. Conversely, some people could expertise a lack of urge for food as a consequence of emotional misery, leading to weight reduction. The manifestation of emotional consuming varies, nevertheless it usually includes a choice for consolation meals and a lack of knowledge of starvation cues. As an illustration, an individual experiencing loneliness may discover themselves repeatedly snacking on sugary treats whereas watching tv.

  • Decreased Social Help and Shared Meals

    Marital dissolution usually results in decreased social interplay and fewer shared meals with household and pals. Consuming alone may end up in a decline in conscious consuming habits and an elevated probability of consuming bigger parts or making much less wholesome meals decisions. The absence of social accountability also can contribute to a scarcity of motivation to organize nutritious meals. A person who as soon as loved getting ready meals with their associate could expertise a lower in culinary enthusiasm and go for easier, much less healthful choices when eating alone.

In conclusion, altered consuming patterns are a big mediator between marital dissolution and fluctuations in physique mass. Understanding these patterns and their underlying causes is essential for creating efficient interventions geared toward selling wholesome consuming habits and sustaining a steady weight throughout and after the divorce course of. Addressing the emotional, sensible, and social elements contributing to those alterations is important for supporting people navigating this difficult life transition.

3. Emotional Consuming Tendencies

Emotional consuming tendencies, characterised by the consumption of meals in response to emotions somewhat than starvation, signify a big issue influencing physique mass fluctuations throughout and after marital dissolution. The psychological stress inherent within the divorce course of can set off maladaptive coping mechanisms, with meals incessantly serving as a supply of momentary consolation or distraction.

  • Stress-Induced Cravings

    The elevated ranges of cortisol, a hormone launched in response to emphasize, can stimulate cravings for high-calorie, palatable meals. These meals, usually wealthy in sugar and fats, present a short lived surge of dopamine within the mind, making a reward pathway that reinforces emotional consuming habits. As an illustration, a person experiencing loneliness after separation could repeatedly devour ice cream or different sugary treats to alleviate emotions of disappointment or isolation. The repeated affiliation of meals with emotional reduction can solidify these consuming patterns over time.

  • Lack of Urge for food Regulation

    Emotional misery can disrupt the physique’s pure urge for food regulation mechanisms. Some people could expertise a lack of urge for food as a consequence of nervousness or melancholy, resulting in decreased meals consumption and subsequent weight reduction. Conversely, others could turn into much less attuned to their starvation and satiety cues, resulting in overeating with out consciously recognizing the necessity for sustenance. The disruption of those inner cues may end up in important fluctuations in physique mass, relying on the person’s predominant emotional response.

  • Compensatory Consuming Behaviors

    Divorce-related stress can set off compensatory consuming behaviors, resembling binge consuming or restrictive weight-reduction plan, as people try to regain management over their lives or handle their feelings. Binge consuming, characterised by episodes of uncontrolled overeating adopted by emotions of guilt or disgrace, can contribute to speedy weight acquire. Restrictive weight-reduction plan, however, can result in nutrient deficiencies and metabolic imbalances. Each behaviors are sometimes pushed by underlying emotional points and may exacerbate bodily and psychological well being issues.

  • Impaired Self-Care

    The emotional toll of divorce can diminish self-care behaviors. People could discover it difficult to prioritize wholesome consuming habits, train, or satisfactory sleep, as they turn into preoccupied with authorized proceedings, monetary issues, or childcare obligations. This neglect of self-care can additional contribute to emotional consuming tendencies, as people flip to meals as a fast and simple manner to deal with stress or fatigue. The cycle of emotional consuming and impaired self-care will be troublesome to interrupt with out aware effort and assist.

In conclusion, emotional consuming tendencies signify a big pathway by which marital dissolution can affect physique mass. Addressing the underlying emotional points driving these tendencies is important for selling wholesome consuming habits and sustaining a steady weight throughout and after the divorce course of. Therapeutic interventions, resembling cognitive-behavioral remedy or mindfulness-based consuming packages, will help people develop more healthy coping mechanisms and break the cycle of emotional consuming. Moreover, establishing a powerful assist system and prioritizing self-care practices can contribute to improved emotional well-being and lowered reliance on meals as a supply of consolation.

4. Sleep Deprivation Results

Sleep deprivation, a standard consequence of the stress and disruption related to marital dissolution, considerably influences physiological processes associated to weight administration. The cyclical nature of sleep disruption, emotional misery, and metabolic modifications creates a posh interaction impacting general well being.

  • Hormonal Imbalance

    Inadequate sleep disrupts the regulation of key hormones concerned in urge for food management. Ghrelin, which stimulates starvation, will increase with sleep deprivation, whereas leptin, which indicators satiety, decreases. This hormonal imbalance promotes elevated meals consumption, notably cravings for high-calorie and carbohydrate-rich meals, thus contributing to weight acquire. People navigating divorce proceedings could expertise heightened stress, resulting in power sleep loss and subsequent disruptions in ghrelin and leptin ranges, impacting dietary decisions.

  • Metabolic Slowdown

    Persistent sleep restriction reduces glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, growing the chance of insulin resistance. This metabolic shift can result in elevated fats storage and impede weight reduction efforts. The metabolic penalties of sleep deprivation are notably regarding for people already experiencing elevated stress and potential dietary modifications related to divorce. Impaired glucose metabolism can additional exacerbate weight administration difficulties and improve the chance of creating sort 2 diabetes.

  • Decreased Bodily Exercise

    Sleep deprivation negatively impacts vitality ranges and motivation, making it troublesome to take care of common bodily exercise. Decreased engagement in train additional contributes to weight acquire and reduces general bodily health. People present process divorce could expertise fatigue and lack of motivation, resulting in a sedentary life-style, compounded by the physiological results of insufficient sleep.

  • Impaired Cognitive Perform

    Sleep deprivation impacts cognitive features, together with decision-making and impulse management. This may end up in poor dietary decisions and an incapacity to withstand cravings. Lack of sleep can impair the power to make rational meals decisions, resulting in elevated consumption of unhealthy snacks and decreased adherence to dietary plans. Impaired judgment associated to meals consumption can undermine efforts to handle weight successfully throughout divorce.

In abstract, the results of sleep deprivation associated to divorce create a confluence of things that considerably affect physique mass. Hormonal imbalances, metabolic slowdown, lowered bodily exercise, and impaired cognitive perform collectively contribute to weight acquire or hinder weight reduction efforts. Addressing sleep disturbances by life-style modifications, stress administration strategies, {and professional} intervention can mitigate these unfavourable results and promote improved bodily and psychological well-being throughout this difficult life transition.

5. Decreased Bodily Exercise

Decreased bodily exercise incessantly accompanies marital dissolution, exacerbating the potential for weight fluctuations. The confluence of emotional misery, altered routines, and sensible challenges usually results in a lower in train frequency and depth. This discount in bodily exercise contributes to an vitality imbalance, probably leading to weight acquire or hindering weight reduction efforts.

  • Decline in Motivation and Power Ranges

    The emotional toll of divorce can considerably deplete vitality ranges and diminish motivation to interact in bodily exercise. Emotions of disappointment, nervousness, and fatigue could make it troublesome to provoke or preserve train routines. People who beforehand loved common exercises could discover themselves missing the drive to take part in bodily actions, resulting in a sedentary life-style. For instance, a person who routinely went jogging with their partner may discontinue this exercise as a consequence of emotions of loneliness or a scarcity of companionship, immediately impacting their bodily well-being.

  • Disruption of Established Routines

    Marital dissolution usually disrupts established every day routines, together with structured train schedules. Adjustments in dwelling preparations, childcare obligations, or work hours could make it difficult to allocate time for bodily exercise. People could discover their earlier train routines incompatible with their new circumstances, necessitating a big adjustment or full cessation of bodily exercise. A mum or dad who beforehand attended a fitness center class after dropping their youngsters at college is perhaps unable to proceed this routine as a consequence of altered childcare logistics.

  • Elevated Time Constraints

    The added obligations and challenges related to divorce can considerably improve time constraints, leaving much less time for train. Authorized proceedings, monetary administration, and single-parenting duties usually demand appreciable time and a focus, decreasing the supply for bodily exercise. People could prioritize these urgent obligations over self-care actions, together with train, resulting in a decline in bodily exercise ranges. The elevated workload and administrative burden can take priority over previously scheduled health classes.

  • Lack of Social Help for Train

    Marital dissolution usually leads to a lack of social assist for train, notably if the previous partner was a main train associate. The absence of a exercise buddy can diminish motivation and accountability, making it tougher to take care of an train routine. People could discover it difficult to provoke or proceed bodily exercise with out the encouragement and companionship of their former partner. The lack of this shared exercise can contribute to a decline in each bodily and emotional well-being.

The multifaceted affect of lowered bodily exercise highlights the interconnectedness of bodily and emotional well-being throughout marital dissolution. Addressing the underlying elements contributing to decreased train engagement, resembling emotional misery and time constraints, is essential for selling wholesome weight administration and general wellness. Methods for mitigating the unfavourable results of lowered bodily exercise could embody in search of skilled counseling, establishing new train routines appropriate with altered schedules, and constructing new social assist networks for health actions. Prioritizing bodily exercise, regardless of the challenges, can contribute considerably to resilience and general well being throughout and after divorce.

6. Adjustments in Social Help

Marital dissolution incessantly entails a disruption of established social networks and assist techniques, which might considerably affect weight administration. The breakdown of a wedding usually results in diminished contact with mutual pals, members of the family, and group teams beforehand shared with the previous partner. This discount in social interplay can contribute to emotions of loneliness, isolation, and decreased motivation to take care of wholesome life-style habits. People could expertise a decline in emotional assist, sensible help, and accountability, all of which might play a significant function in selling well-being and managing physique weight successfully. The lack of these social sources can create a difficult surroundings for people navigating the complexities of divorce.

The diminished social circle may end up in altered consuming patterns. People could discover themselves eating alone extra incessantly, resulting in much less conscious consuming habits and a bent to devour much less nutritious meals. The absence of shared mealtime experiences also can scale back the motivation to organize wholesome meals and improve reliance on comfort meals. Moreover, the dearth of social assist can exacerbate emotional consuming tendencies, as people flip to meals as a method of dealing with emotions of disappointment, nervousness, or loneliness. For instance, a person who beforehand attended weekly dinner events with mutual pals could now really feel remoted and resort to consuming high-calorie consolation meals as an alternative to social interplay. The change in social dynamics also can have an effect on bodily exercise ranges. People could lose the motivation to train in the event that they not have a exercise associate or a social group that encourages bodily exercise. This lower in train can contribute to weight acquire and additional exacerbate emotions of melancholy and isolation.

In abstract, modifications in social assist signify a vital consider understanding the connection between marital dissolution and weight fluctuations. The lack of emotional assist, sensible help, and social interplay can negatively affect consuming habits, bodily exercise ranges, and general well-being. Constructing new social connections and assist techniques is important for people navigating the challenges of divorce. Participating in social actions, becoming a member of assist teams, or in search of skilled counseling can present much-needed emotional assist and promote wholesome life-style behaviors. By actively rebuilding social networks, people can mitigate the unfavourable results of social isolation and enhance their probabilities of sustaining a wholesome weight and general well-being throughout this difficult life transition.

7. Monetary pressure affect

Monetary pressure, a frequent consequence of marital dissolution, exerts a notable affect on a person’s capability to take care of a wholesome weight. The financial restructuring inherent in separation usually results in lowered entry to sources and elevated monetary instability, immediately affecting dietary decisions and alternatives for bodily exercise.

  • Decreased Entry to Wholesome Meals

    The elevated price of sustaining separate households could restrict the power to buy recent, nutritious meals. Processed meals, usually decrease in price and requiring much less preparation time, turn into a extra interesting possibility, probably resulting in weight acquire and dietary deficiencies. Divorced people with restricted budgets could prioritize lease and utilities over more healthy meals decisions, impacting their dietary consumption considerably. This shift can create long-term well being penalties, notably if coupled with present stress from the divorce course of.

  • Decreased Participation in Health Actions

    Membership charges for gyms and leisure actions could turn into financially prohibitive, resulting in decreased alternatives for bodily exercise. The monetary burden of divorce can drive people to prioritize work or childcare over train, resulting in a sedentary life-style. Entry to public transportation or the power to afford dependable transportation to train amenities may additionally be restricted, additional limiting choices for bodily exercise. This lowered bodily exercise contributes to an vitality imbalance, probably leading to weight acquire and lowered general health.

  • Elevated Stress and Emotional Consuming

    Monetary instability is a big stressor that may set off emotional consuming behaviors. Worrying about payments, job safety, and long-term monetary stability can result in elevated consumption of consolation meals, usually excessive in energy and unhealthy fat. People could flip to meals as a coping mechanism for managing stress, making a cycle of emotional consuming and subsequent weight acquire. This cycle will be troublesome to interrupt with out addressing the underlying monetary anxieties and creating more healthy coping methods.

  • Compromised Psychological Well being Sources

    The power to afford psychological well being providers, resembling remedy or counseling, could also be compromised by monetary constraints. Entry to skilled assist will be essential for managing stress and creating wholesome coping mechanisms, together with methods for conscious consuming and train. The dearth of entry to those sources can exacerbate emotional misery and contribute to unhealthy life-style decisions, together with poor dietary habits and lowered bodily exercise. Addressing each the monetary and emotional elements of divorce is important for selling general well-being.

The interconnectedness of monetary pressure, dietary decisions, bodily exercise ranges, and psychological well being underscores the advanced relationship between divorce and weight fluctuations. Addressing the monetary challenges related to divorce requires sensible methods for budgeting, monetary planning, and accessing obtainable sources. Moreover, cultivating stress administration strategies and prioritizing psychological well-being are essential for mitigating the unfavourable results of monetary pressure on weight administration and general well being.

Steadily Requested Questions

The next questions deal with frequent issues and misconceptions surrounding the correlation between marital dissolution and fluctuations in physique weight. The responses present informative explanations based mostly on present analysis and established well being ideas.

Query 1: Does marital dissolution inherently trigger weight reduction or weight acquire?

Marital dissolution doesn’t routinely dictate weight reduction or weight acquire. Reasonably, it creates circumstances that may affect dietary habits and bodily exercise ranges, leading to weight modifications. The particular end result varies based mostly on particular person responses to emphasize, alterations in every day routines, and pre-existing well being circumstances.

Query 2: How does stress related to separation have an effect on physique mass?

Stress triggers the discharge of hormones, resembling cortisol, that may affect urge for food and metabolism. Elevated cortisol ranges could improve cravings for high-calorie meals, probably resulting in weight acquire. Conversely, power stress can suppress urge for food, leading to unintended weight reduction. The physiological affect of stress varies throughout people.

Query 3: What function does emotional consuming play in weight modifications throughout a divorce?

Emotional consuming, utilizing meals as a coping mechanism for emotions somewhat than starvation, is a big issue. People could flip to high-calorie consolation meals to alleviate stress, disappointment, or loneliness, resulting in overeating and subsequent weight acquire. Conversely, some could expertise a lack of urge for food as a consequence of emotional misery.

Query 4: Why is sleep deprivation related to physique mass fluctuations after a divorce?

Sleep deprivation disrupts the regulation of hormones concerned in urge for food management, resembling ghrelin and leptin. Inadequate sleep can improve starvation and cravings, whereas additionally decreasing the sensation of satiety. These hormonal imbalances contribute to elevated meals consumption and potential weight acquire. Moreover, sleep deprivation reduces vitality ranges, impacting motivation for bodily exercise.

Query 5: How can a disruption of social assist techniques affect weight administration throughout a divorce?

The lack of social connections can result in emotions of isolation and decreased motivation to take care of wholesome life-style habits. People could dine alone extra incessantly, resulting in much less conscious consuming habits and elevated reliance on comfort meals. Moreover, a scarcity of social assist can exacerbate emotional consuming tendencies.

Query 6: What are the results of monetary pressure on sustaining a wholesome weight after divorce?

Monetary constraints usually restrict entry to wholesome meals and leisure actions. Processed meals, usually decrease in price, turn into a extra interesting possibility, probably resulting in weight acquire and dietary deficiencies. Equally, the power to afford fitness center memberships or take part in organized sports activities could also be curtailed, impacting bodily exercise ranges. The stress from monetary hardship also can exacerbate emotional consuming.

Understanding these incessantly requested questions is step one towards addressing weight-related issues throughout marital dissolution. Recognizing the advanced interaction of stress, feelings, and life-style elements permits for the event of focused interventions.

The next part will define particular methods for selling wholesome weight administration and general well-being throughout and after marital dissolution. These methods embody dietary modifications, stress administration strategies, and the significance {of professional} steering.

Steering for Navigating Physique Weight Adjustments Throughout Marital Dissolution

The next suggestions present a framework for managing physique weight and selling well-being throughout and after separation. Implementation of those methods necessitates constant effort and a dedication to self-care.

Tip 1: Prioritize Dietary Adequacy

Concentrate on consuming a balanced eating regimen wealthy in entire grains, lean proteins, fruits, and greens. Decrease processed meals, sugary drinks, and extreme saturated fat. Seek the advice of with a registered dietitian or nutritionist for customized steering on dietary modifications. Consideration to nutrient density is paramount throughout instances of stress.

Tip 2: Set up Common Meal Schedules

Keep constant meal timings to control metabolism and stop erratic consuming patterns. Keep away from skipping meals and allocate enough time for conscious consuming. Planning meals upfront can mitigate reliance on comfort meals and promote more healthy dietary decisions. Structured meal instances contribute to hormonal stability.

Tip 3: Implement Stress Administration Methods

Have interaction in common stress-reducing actions resembling train, meditation, or deep respiratory workout routines. Mindfulness-based practices can improve consciousness of emotional triggers for unhealthy consuming behaviors. Skilled counseling can present priceless assist in navigating emotional challenges and creating coping mechanisms.

Tip 4: Incorporate Common Bodily Exercise

Intention for no less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity cardio train or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity train per week, together with power coaching workout routines no less than two days per week. Common bodily exercise can enhance temper, scale back stress, and contribute to weight administration. Think about actions which are satisfying and sustainable long-term. Consistency is vital to reaping the advantages of train.

Tip 5: Domesticate Social Help Networks

Keep connections with supportive pals, members of the family, or group teams. Sharing experiences and receiving encouragement can present a way of belonging and scale back emotions of isolation. Think about becoming a member of assist teams particularly designed for people navigating divorce. Social interplay presents a vital buffer towards emotional misery.

Tip 6: Search Skilled Steering for Emotional Consuming

If emotional consuming is a persistent concern, contemplate in search of remedy or counseling to handle underlying emotional points. Cognitive-behavioral remedy (CBT) will be an efficient method for figuring out and modifying maladaptive consuming behaviors. Working with a therapist can present priceless insights and coping methods.

Tip 7: Prioritize Sleep Hygiene

Set up a constant sleep schedule, making a restful sleep surroundings, and keep away from caffeine or alcohol earlier than bedtime. Sufficient sleep is important for hormonal regulation and general well-being. A minimal of seven to eight hours of sleep per night time is mostly really useful.

Tip 8: Develop a Monetary Plan

Managing funds successfully can scale back stress and enhance entry to wholesome sources. Seek the advice of with a monetary advisor to develop a price range and prioritize important bills. Discover choices for reasonably priced healthcare and group sources. Monetary stability contributes to a way of management and reduces stress-related consuming.

Adherence to those tips necessitates a holistic method that integrates dietary consciousness, stress administration, social assist, {and professional} steering. Constant implementation of those methods can facilitate wholesome weight administration and promote general well-being throughout and after marital dissolution.

The next part will present concluding remarks and emphasize the long-term advantages of proactive self-care in periods of serious life transition.

Conclusion

The correlation between divorce and weight reduction or acquire is a posh interaction of psychological and physiological elements. This exploration has recognized key contributors: stress-induced hormonal fluctuations, altered consuming patterns together with emotional consuming, sleep deprivation, lowered bodily exercise, diminished social assist, and monetary pressure. Acknowledging these parts is vital for understanding the potential affect of marital dissolution on bodily well-being.

Efficient administration of physique mass throughout this era requires proactive engagement with self-care methods. Implementing conscious dietary practices, cultivating stress-reduction strategies, strengthening social connections, and in search of skilled steering when vital are important steps. Prioritizing well-being promotes resilience and facilitates a smoother transition towards long-term well being stability, underscoring the significance of knowledgeable self-management in navigating this difficult life occasion.